ACS INFECTIOUS DISEASES | Antimicrobial resistance has emerged as a major threat to public health and CARB-X was created in 2016 to fund and support the early development of innovative antibiotics, vaccines, rapid diagnostics, and other products. This in-depth article by Karen Gallant, Deputy Executive Director of CARB-X, and Richard Alm, CARB-X Alliance Director, examines progress CARB-X has made, applications for funding rounds in 2016-19, pathogens targeted in the CARB-X portfolio, the network of AMR funding organizations around the world, and some of the economic challenges related to delivering new urgently needed products to patients.